Al-Hikam al-'Ata'iyya
The Muslim religious life not only consists of belief in orthodox tenets of faith and a determined effort to follow the Sacred Law, it also requires one to scale the heights of the Spiritual Path by attaining the states of heart demanded by the Islamic revelation. The Kitab al-Hikam of Shaykh Ibn `Ata'illah is a famous and respected explanation of the journey of the soul (also known simply as �the Path'), with the Quran and Sunna as the determiners of the principles contained therein. Although treatises and supplications are included in the work, its substantive feature is the author's spiritual aphorisms
Shaykh Ibn `Ata'illah (d. 1309) lived in Egypt during the reign of the Mamluks. Originally from Alexandria , he moved to Cairo , where his professional life involved teaching Sacred Law in various institutions including the al-Azhar Mosque. He also led a concurrent existence as a Master for disciples of Islamic spirituality. The Hikam is his principal work, one that has attracted universal Muslim approval from his own time up to the present day.
I.
A feeling of discouragement when
you slip up
is a sure sign that
you put your faith in deeds.
Your desire to withdraw from everything
when Allah has involved
you in the world of means
is a
hidden appetite.
Your desire for involvement with
the world of means
when Allah has withdrawn
you from it
is a
fall from high aspiration.
Aspiration which rushes on ahead
cannot break through
the walls of destiny.
Give yourself a rest from managing!
When Someone Else
is doing it for you,
don't
you start doing it for yourself!
Your striving for what is absolutely
guaranteed to you
and your laxness
in what is required of you
are
evidence that your inner eye is dull.
If you make intense supplication
and the timing of
the answer is delayed,
do not
despair of it.
His reply to you is guaranteed;
but in the way He
chooses,
not
the way you choose,
and at the moment
He desires,
not
the moment you desire.
If something that is promised does
not happen
even though the time
for it is set,
do not
doubt the promise!
If you do, that will dim your inner eye
and put out the light
of your secret.
When He opens a way for you and
makes Himself known to you,
then do not worry
about your lack of deeds.
He only opened the way for you
because He desired
to make Himself known to you.
Do you not see that while He grants gnosis
of Himself to you,
you have only deeds
to offer Him?
What He brings you -
What you bring Him -
What a difference
there is between them!
Different states have different
outcomes.
This accounts for the variety of types
of action.
Actions are merely propped-up shapes.
Their life-breath is the presence of the
secret of sincerity in them.
Bury your existence in the earth
of obscurity.
If something sprouts
before it is buried,
its fruits will never ripen.
Withdraw the heart into the arena
of reflection
- nothing helps the
heart more than that!
If the forms of phenomenal beings
are embedded in the mirror of the heart,
how can it be illuminated?
If it is fettered by its appetites,
how can it travel
to Allah?
If it is not purified of the great impurity
of its heedlessness,
how can it aspire
to enter the presence of Allah?
If it has not turned away in regret from
its lapses,
how can it hope to
grasp the subtleties of secret knowledge?
Phenomenal being is utter and total
darkness.
It is only the manifestation of the Real
in it that gives it light.
When you see phenomenal being and
do not see Him
in it, with it, before
it or after it,
then you are truly
in need of light.
You are veiled from the suns of
gnoses
by the clouds of secondary traces.
One way He shows you the existence
of His overwhelming power
is by veiling you
from Him
by that which cannot exist alongside Him.
How can you imagine that something
else veils Him
when He is the One
who is manifest by everything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He is the One
who is made manifest in everything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He is the One
who is manifest to everything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He was the One
who was Manifest before there was anything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He is more manifest
than anything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He is the One
with whom there is nothing else?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when He is the One
who is nearer to you than anything?
How can you imagine that something else
veils Him
when if it had not
been for Him, there would not have been anything?
A marvel!
See how existence becomes manifest in
non-existence!
How the in-time holds firm alongside Him
whose attribute is eternal!
II.
You have not abandoned ignorance
at all
if you want something to take place in any moment
other than what Allah
has manifested in it.
You put off action until you have
nothing else to do?
That comes from the foolishness of the lower self.
Don't ask Him to remove you from
one state
in order to use you
in another.
If He wanted to,
He could use you without
removing you.
When the aspiration of the wayfarer
desires to halt
at what has been unveiled to him.
then the invisible
voices of the Reality call out to him.
"What you're looking for is still in front of you!"
When the outward aspect of created
things display their beauty to him,
then their inner
reality calls out to him,
"We are a trial!
We captivate and tempt you!
Do not disbelieve!"
If you make demands on Him, you
doubt Him.
If you seek Him, you are absent from Him.
If you seek other-than-Him, you are shameless
before Him.
If you make demands on other-than-Him,
you are distant from Him.
Every breath you breathe emerges according to a preordained decree.
Don't look forward to being quit
of others -
that will cut you
off from watchful awareness of Him
in the place where He has put you.
Don't think that worry and sorrow
are out of place
as long as you are in this world.
It only brings forth
what its attribute and quality demand.
A goal you seek by your Lord:
no delay here.
A goal you seek by yourself:
not easy.
A sign of success in the end:
turning to Allah in the beginning.
A radiant beginning:
a radiant ending.
Everything that is stored away
in the warehouse of invisible secrets
has to appear in
the visible world of outward manifestation.
What a difference!
This one is guided by Him.
That one seeks information about Him.
The one guided by Him gains direct
knowledge of the Real
and verifies the matter
from its actual Source.
Seeking information about Him comes
from
not having reached Him.
This must be the case because when
was He absent
so as to make it
necessary for you to seek information about Him?
When was He distant so that you would
need tracks to lead you to Him?
As for those who have reached Him:
"He who has plenty
should spend out from his plenty."
As for those who are travelling to Him:
"it is he whose
provision is restricted."
Those travelling to Him
are guided by the
light of turning their faces toward Him.
Those who have arrived
have the lights of
face-to-face encounter.
The former belong to lights,
but the lights belong to the latter
because they belong
to Allah, and are His alone.
"Say: 'Allah'
then leave them plunging
in their games."
III.
Better to look at the defects hidden
within you
than to look for the unseen worlds that are veiled from you.
The Real is not veiled
- it is you that are
veiled from seeing Him.
If there was anything veiling Him
what veiled Him would
cover Him.
If he was covered,
His existence would
be contained.
If something contains something else,
it overpowers it.
But He is the Conqueror, overcoming His
slaves.
Among the qualities of humanness,
get rid of every quality incompatible with your slavehood
so you can answer
when Allah calls and be near His presence.
The root of every act of rebellion,
every appetite
and every moment of heedlessness
is satisfaction
with one's self.
The root of every act of obedience, every
restraint
and every moment of wakefulness
is
lack of satisfaction with one's self.
Better to keep the company of an
ignorant man
who is not satisfied with himself
than a man of knowledge
who is satisfied with himself.
What knowledge does the self-satisifed
scholar have?
What ignorance does the ignorant man who
is not self-satisfied have?
The light of the inner eye lets
you see His nearness to you.
The source of the inner eye lets you see
your non-existence by your existence.
The truth of the inner eye lets you see
His existence,
not your own non-existence
or existence.
"Allah was and there was nothing
with Him.
He is now as He was."
IV.
Do not let the intention of your
aspiration veer to other-than-Him.
Hopes can go no further than the Ever-Generous.
Do not ask other-than-Him for what you
need
since He is the One
who will bring it to you.
How can other than the One who put it
there relieve it?
How can someone who is unable to relieve
his own need relieve someone else's?
If you do not think well of Him
because His qualities are beautiful
then think well of
Him because of the way He treats you.
Has He made you used to anything but good?
Has He bestowed on you anything but favours?
How utterly amazing is someone
who flees from something he cannot escape
to seek something
that will not last!
"It is not the eyes that are
blind,
but the hearts in
the breasts are blind."
Do not travel from phenomenal being
to phenomenal being.
You will be like the donkey going around
at the mill.
It travels to what
it set out from.
Travel from phenomenal beings
to the Maker of Being.
"And the final end is to your Lord."
Look at the words of the Prophet,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace:
"Whoever emigrates
to Allah and His Messenger,
his emigration is to Allah and His Messenger.
Whoever emigrates to something of this
world or a woman to marry,
his emigration is to what he emigrates to."
Understand his words, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace:
"His emigration is to what he emigrates to."
Reflect on this matter if you have any understanding at all!
Peace!
V.
If someone's state does not lift
you up,
and his words do
not lead you to Allah
- then do not keep his company!
It may well be that you are in
a bad state -
but to keep company
with someone worse than you
would allow you to see good in yourself.
No action from a heart without
attachment is insignificant.
No action from a heart full of desires
is great.
Good actions are the results of
good states.
Good states come from grasping the reality
of the stations where
you alight.
Do not give up invocation of Allah
because you are not
present with Allah in it.
It is worse to forget to invoke Him
than to be inattentive
while invoking Him.
He might raise you up from invocation
with heedlessness
to invocation with
wakeful attention,
and from invocation with wakeful attention
to invocation with
presence,
and from invocation with presence
to invocation with
withdrawal from all that is other than the Invoked.
That is not difficult for Allah.
VI.
A sign of the death of the heart:
lack of sadness about
beneficial actions you have missed,
and lack of regret
about your mistakes.
Do not become so overwhelmed by
your wrong action
that it stops you
thinking well of Allah.
Whoever has gnosis of his Lord,
finds that his wrong
action is insignificant
beside His generosity.
There is no minor wrong action
when you face His justice.
There is no major wrong action when you
experience His bounty.
No deed has more hope of being
accepted
than the one you do
and forget about, thinking it insignificant.
He only sent a warid to you
so that it would
bring you to Him.
He sent a warid to you
to deliver you from
the control of otherness
and to free you from
being a slave to effects.
He sent a warid to you
to release you from
the prison of your existence
and to bring you
to the open space of inner witnessing.
Lights are the mounts of the hearts and the secrets.
The army of the heart is light.
The army of the lower self is darkness.
When Allah wishes to help His slave,
He reinforces him
with the armies of light
and cuts off the
reinforcements of darkness and otherness.
Light unveils.
The inner eye judges.
The heart both advances and retreats.
Don't be overjoyed at obedience
because it has issued from you.
Rejoice in it because it has come from
Allah to you.
"Say: 'Let them rejoice in
the bounty of Allah and His mercy.
That is better than what they amass.'"
He prevents those who are travelling
to Him and those who have reached Him -
from seeing their
actions and witnessing their states.
The travellers -
because they have
not made sincerity with Allah in them a fact.
Those who have arrived -
because when they
see Him,
He makes them oblivious to seeing their actions.
VII.
The branches of abasement only grow from the seeds of greed.
Nothing leads you on like illusion.
You are free when
you despair of it.
You are a slave when
you are eager for it.
Whoever does not advance to Allah
by the tenderness of His goodness
is chained to Him
by the fetters of trial.
Whoever is not grateful for blessings
is asking for them to vanish.
Whoever is grateful for them ties them
up with their own tether.
Fear that the fact that He is good
to you when you are acting badly towards Him
might be bait to draw
you on.
"We shall draw them on bit by bit, from where they do not know."
It is ignorance on the part of
the murid if he has bad adab
to then say when
the punishment is delayed,
"If this were really bad adab,
He would have cut off help or sent me into exile."
Help can be cut off while one is
unaware of it
- by stopping any
increase
- or by letting you
do what you like.
When you see someone whom Allah
has made persist in recitation of wirds
and then continues
to help him in that,
do not despise what his Master has
given him
because you do not
discern in him
the mark of the gnostics or the radiance of the lovers.
No warid, no wird.
If a warid had not come, there would be
no wird.
Allah makes some people serve Him
while He singles
out other people for His love.
"Each We help, these and those,
from the gift of
your Lord
and the gift of your
Lord is not restricted."
VIII.
It is very rare that divine warids
come
in other than a sudden
flash.
That protects them -
because the slaves
cannot lay claim to them
because they are
ready for them.
When you see someone answering
all he is asked,
and remembering all
he knows
and interpreting
all he sees
- that proves that he is an ignorant man.
He made the Next World the place
where He will reward His believing slaves
because this world
is not vast enough to hold what He wants to give them
and because He thinks
too much of them to reward them
in a dimension which lacks any permanence.
If you find the fruit of your deeds
quickly,
that is a proof of
your acceptance!
If you want to learn your value
with Him
look where He has
put you.
When He provides you with obedience
and having no need of other than Him,
know that He has bestowed
His outward and inward blessings on you.
[Warid: "arriving thing"; an overflowing experience which overcomes a person's heart.
Wird: a regular spiritual exercise involving recitation of a litany of dhikr.
IX.
The best you can seek from Him
is what He seeks from you.
A sign of being deluded is:
sorrow over loss of obedience while failing to get on with
it.